INDO-FRENCH COINS

Value : Doudou
Obverse : Fleur-De-Lis
Reverse : Tamil legends "Pudu Tche Ri"
Metal : Copper
Weight : 3.75 Grams
Mint : Pondicherry

Value : Doudou
Obverse : Rooster
Reverse : Tamil legends "Pudu Tche Ri"
Metal : Bronze
Weight : 3.94 Grams
Mint : Pondicherry

INDO-PORTUGUESE COINS

         Portuguese India also known by name "The state of India" (Estado da india). It was established in year 1505 and existed till 1961. Nova Goa was the capital of Portuguese india. In 1843 the capital was shifted to Panaji, then renamed "Nova Goa", when it officially became the administrative seat of Portuguese India.  The first Portuguese encounter with India was on 20 May 1498 when Vasco Da Gama reached Calicut on Malabar Coast. Anchored off the coast of Calicut, the Portuguese invited native fishermen on board and immediately brought some Indian items.After India's independence from the British in 1947, Portugal refused to accede to India's request to relinquish control of its Indian possessions. Eventually, in December 1961, Indian military invaded Goa, Daman and Diu, where they were faced with insufficient Portuguese resistance.

          The Portuguese India initially issued gold(Termed as Cruzado or Manoel) and silver coins(Espera) from Goa. Gold coins were issued in the same size, value and weight as 'Pagoda'. These coins had the cross of the order of the Christ on the obverse and King D Manoel on reverse. After 1548 it had been decided to etch the effigy of St. Thomas on  their Indian coins and to give the coins the name of St. Thome. The gold and silver coins had a seated or standing figure of St. Thomas. In 1611 copper coins "Buzzuruccos" issued from Goa. Later Silver coins 'Rupia' and copper coins 'Tanga' were introduced.  In 1958, decimal coinage was introduced. These coins were termed as 'Centavos' and 'Escudo', these coins were active till 1961.

Value : 1/4 Atia = 1/16 Tanga
Year : 1778
Metal : Copper
Weight : 2.3 Grams
Obverse : Crowned Arms
Reverse : Mallese Cross divides date in angles within circle.
Ruler : Maria I and Pedro III

Value : 12 Reis
Year : 1799 - 1816
Metal : Copper
Weight : 7.5 Grams
Reverse : 12 REIS
Ruler : Joao
Mint : Goa
Reference : KM #215

Ruler : Luiz I
Year : 1884
Value : 1/4 Tanga (1/64)
Metal : Copper
Diameter : 24.5 mm
Weight : 6.5 Grams
Obverse : Head Left surrounded by legend
                Lettering: LUDOVICUS.I.PORTUG:ET.ATGARB:REX
Reverse : Crown above denomination words "INDIA PORTUGUEZA QUARTO DE TANGA"
Reference : KM #308

Value : 1 Tanga

Metal : Bronze

Diameter : 20 mm

Year : 1952

Obverse : "ESTADO DA INDIA 1952"

Reverse : "1 TANGA REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA"

Reference : KM #28

Value : 10 Cantavos

Year : 1959

Metal : Bronze

Weight : 2 grams

Diameter : 18 mm

Obverse : "ESTADO DA INDIA 1959"

Reverse : "10 CENTAVOS REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA"

Reference : KM #30

 

Value : 30 Centavos
Year : 1958
Metal : Bronze
Weight : 4 grams
Diameter : 22 mm

Obverse : "ESTADO DA INDIA 1958"

Reverse : "30 CENTAVOS REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA"

Reference : KM #31

Value : 60 Centavos
Year : 1959
Metal : Copper Nickel
Diameter : 20 mm
Weight : 3.5 Grams
Obverse : ESTADO DA INDIA $60
Reverse : REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA 1959
Reference : KM #32

Value : 1 Escudo
Year : 1959
Metal : Copper Nickel
Diameter : 23 mm
Weight : 5.6 Grams
Obverse : ESTADO DA INDIA 1$00
Reverse : REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA 1959
Reference : KM #33

Value : 1/4 Rupia
Year : 1952
Metal : Copper Nickel
Weight : 3 Grams
Diameter : 19 mm
Obverse : ESTADO DA INDIA 1952
Reverse : REPUBLICA PORTUGUESA 1/4 RUPIA
Reference : KM #25

TAMILNADU COINS

PALLAVA DYNASTY

The Pallava dynasty existed between the 2nd and 9th centuries CE, ruling a portion of what is today southern India. They gained prominence after the eclipse of the Satavahana Dynasty, whom the Pallavas served as feudatories. A number of legends are associated with their origin.

Metal : Copper

Ruler : Unknown

CHOLA DYNASTY

Raja Raja Chola

Obverse:  Standing king on obverse. His left hand holds a lotus near his face and the right hand has a scepter. Near by is a small lamp-stand.

Reverse:  The reverse side shows a seated goddess. On the right is the three line legend in Sanskrit. "Sri Raja Raja".

Metal : Copper

Year : 980 - 1014 AD

PANDYAN DYNASTY

Pandyan dynasty is one of the dynasty which ruled South India till 15th century.They initially ruled Pandyanadu and then moved to Madurai. Many temples built during their time, they are Madurai Meenakshi Temple, Nellaiappar Temple. The Pandya kings were called either Jatavarman or Maravarman Pandyan. From being Jains in their early ages, they became Shaivaits after some centuries of rule.

Metal : Copper

Ruler : Jatavarman Veera Pandya

Obverse : Standing man

Reverse : Two Fishes

Weight : 3.6 Grams

Metal : Copper

Ruler : Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I

Obverse : Standing man

Weight : 1.94 Grams

Metal : Copper

Ruler : Maravarman Sundara Pandya I

Obverse : Standing Man

Weight : 1.67 Grams

Metal : Copper

Ruler :  Maravarman Sundara Pandya I

Obverse : Standing Man

Weight : 2.9 grams

CHERA DYNASTY

Chera dynasty is ancient dynasties of india, ruling over modern western Tamil nadu and Kerala.Uthiyan Cheralathan, Nedum Cheralathan and Senguttuvan Chera are some famous Chera Kings. The Cheras were in continous conflict with Cholas and Pandyas. The word Chera is probably derived from Cheral, meaning "declivity of a mountain" in ancient Tamil.The Cheras are referred as Kedalaputho ("Keralaputra") in the Asoka's edicts (3rd century BC).

Time : 3rd Century BC to 12th Century AD

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Bow, Symbols with pellets and Palm tree
Reverse : 2 Swords crossed on an altar with pellets above, flanked by two lamps.
Weight : 4.48 grams

BANA KINGDOM

The Banas were a dynasty of South India, who claimed descent from the asura Mahabali. The dynasty takes its name from Bana, the son of Mahabali. The Banas had their capital at various places at different times, including Kolar and Gudimallam. The earliest mention of the Banas in authentic historical records is in the middle of the fourth century AD, and as the feudatories of the Satavahana and early Pallavas. Some of the Bana kings are Jayanandivarman, Vijayaditya I,  Malladeva,  Bana Vidhyadhara,  Prabhumerudeva, Vikramaditya I, Vikramaditya II or Pugalvippavar-Ganda, Vijayabahu Vikramaditya II,  Aragalur udaiya Ponparappinan Rajarajadevan alias Magadesan (Magadai Mandalam chief) of Aragalur.
Garuda was the emblem of Banas.

Metal : Copper

Obverse : Garuda to right

SAMARAKOLAN 

Metal : Copper
Weight : 3.2 gram
Diameter : 16 mm
Obverse : Garuda running left holding a serpent on right hand flanked by conch and discus
Reverse : Three line Tamil legend Sa ma ra/Ko la/ka la n

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Garuda to Right
Reverse : Tamil legends
Weight : 2.95 Grams

KONERIRAYAN
Below coins belongs to the Later Pandyas of South Arcot district: 1325-1362. The Tamil inscription 'Koneri-rayan' means that the coins were issued by King Koneri.

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Bull standing left, dagger in front
Reverse : Ko Ne Ri Ya N
Weight : 3.38 Grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Bull standing left, dagger in front
Reverse : Ko Ne Ri Ya N
Weight : 3.12 Grams

THANJAVUR

Formerly known as Thanjore. Now its Thanjavur district of Tamil nadu State. Thanjavur word was derived from "Tanjan" a legendry asura in Hindu mythology. The city was ruled by many dynasties like Pandyas, Vijayanagar Empire,  Madurai Nayakas, Thanjavur Nayakas, Marathas and finally British.

RAMA SITA COIN

Ruler : Thanjavur Nayaka
Year : 1532-1590
Metal : Copper
Weight: 3.2 grams
Diameter : 13mm
Obverse: Rama and Sita
Reverse: Shiva linga with Garland

VISHNU COIN

Ruler : Thanjavur nayakas
Year : 1532-1590 AD
Metal : Copper
Obverse: Standing Vishnu
Reverse: Shiva linga below couchant  Bull
Weight : 3.2 grams
Diameter : 10mm

Ruler : Thanjavur nayakas
Metal : Copper
Obverse : Garuda sitting with folded arms
Weight : 1.48 grams

MARATA COIN

Metal : Copper

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Dagger
Reverse: Discuss
Weight : 5.40 grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Rajagopalaswamy Standing
Reverse : King Standing with folded hands
Weight : 2.97 Grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Peacock
Reverse : Shiva linga

MADURAI

Madurai is a district of Tamil nadu state, located at the banks of River Vaigai. The city has been ruled by Pandyans, Cholas, Sulthans, Vijayanagara Empire, Nayaks. The city referred by various names like "Koodal", "Naanmadakoodal", "Thirualavai". The word Madurai is derived from Madhura(Sweetness) arising out of the divine nectar showered on the city by the Hindu god Shiva from his matted hair. Another theory is that Madurai is the derivative of the word Marutham, which refers to the type of landscape of the Sangam age.

NAYAKA DYNASTY

The Nayaks ruled Madurai from around AD 1529 to 1736. Their kindom comprising most of the parts of Tamilnadu with Madurai as their capital. The dynasty consited of 13 rulers and most notable rulers were the king Tirumalai Nayak and the queen Rani Mangamma. 

Most Nayak coins were made of gold or copper. The design, figures, size, and weight of Nayak coins all were similar to those of Vijayanagara coins.  The Madurai Nayaks issued many coins featuring fish, bull, bear, elephant,lion, Hanuman and Garuda. The inscriptions on the Nayak coins are in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Nagari scripts. 

Metal : Copper
Value : Kasu
Type : Hammered Coin
Obverse : 2 Deities seated
Reverse : Telugu Script "Sri Vira"
Weight : 1.6 grams
Reference : Kruase KM# 7

Metal : Copper

Value : Kasu

Obverse : Hanuman praying lord shiva

Reverse : Telugu legend " Sri vira"

Weight : 2.9 grams

Diameter : 16 mm

Metal : Copper
Value : Kasu
Reverse : Telugu legend " Sri vira"

Metal : Copper

Value : Kasu

Obverse : Two deities seated on bird

Reverse : Telugu legend " Sri vira"

Reference : Krause KM# 6

Metal : Copper

Obverse : Standing Meenakshi

Reverse : Telue legend "Sri Vira"

Value : Kasu

Metal : Copper

Obverse : Bull

Reverse : Standing man

Value : Kasu

Metal : Copper

Value : Kasu

Metal : Copper

Obverse : Elephant

Reverse: Telugu legends "Sri Vira"

Value : Kasu

Metal : Copper

Reverse : Telugu Legends "Sri Vira"

Metal : Copper

Obverse : Leaf

Weight : 1.21 grams

Metal : Copper

Obverse: Lakshmi & Narayana Standing

Reverse : Telugu legends "Sri Vira"

Weight : 3.37 Grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Lord Venkateshwara standing, surrounded by circular dot lines.
Reverse : Telugu legends "Ven Ka Ta Ppa"
Weight : 3.59 grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Lord Venkateshwara standing with discuss in hands
Reverse : Telugu Legends "Ven Ka Ta Ppa"
Weight : 3.47 grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Lord Vishnu standing
Reverse : Telugu Legends "Ven Ka Ta Ppa"
Weight : 3.55 grams

SIVAGANGA

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Standing Rama
Reverse : Shiva linga
Weight : 3.2 grams

Metal : Copper
Obverse : Rama and Sita
Reverse : Shiva linga